21st
century has seen a change in organisational contexts and types fuelled by the
advent of globalisation. Firms have become global, and began accommodating
people from different places and cultures under one roof. It has also seen the
emergence of start-ups in very high numbers. According to Gleeson (2017), this
lead to the development of different leadership styles and techniques in the
21st century to match with changing organisational conditions. First of all,
contemporary organisations were slow moving, where decisions were taken by very
few people at the top, but contemporary organisations operate in a fast and
complex environment, demanding more responsive action from leaders (Gleeson,
2017).
As of now,
organisations have shifted to an innovation economy (Agbor, 2008), which demand
innovation-focused leadership. According to Alsolami et al. (2016), innovation
leaders must possess different skills and capacities, in comparison with
conventional leaders. According to Agbor (2008), such innovation driven
enterprises also need an innovative culture, which can only be managed by a
supporting leadership style, often comprising of participative or
transformational leadership styles, and very often visionary leadership models.
Another development seen by contemporary organisations have been the
development of virtual workforce, where workforce is becoming increasingly
remote and virtual and leaders are required to have essential skills to manage
people working from remote locations, either as mobile workers, or as
telecommuters (Lojeski, 2009).
This means,
21st century leaders must become transparent, accessible, and
present, so that employees of different orientations will be able to interact
with them (Shermon, 2017). This may also
mean considerable changes in leadership models and styles, as conventional
models of authoritative leadership models, or the democratic leadership and
such may not be applicable in such cases. Hence, contemporary leadership models
must be flexible, accessible, and transparent with a strong focus on
innovation.
References
Agbor, E.
(2008). Creativity and Innovation: The Leadership Dynamics. Journal of
Strategic Leadership, 1(1), 39-45.
Alsolami,
H.A. Cheng, K.T. & Twalh, A.A. (2016). Revisiting Innovation Leadership. Open
Journal of Leadership, 5, 31-38.
Lojeski,
K.S. (2009). Leading the Virtual Workforce: How Great Leaders Transform
Organizations in the 21st Century. New York, US: John Wiley & Sons.
Shermon, G.
(2017). Digital Cultures: Age of the Intellect. New York, US: LULU.